It is inevitable that various faults may occur in speakers occasionally. In fact, there are only a few common faults in speakers. As long as you master the methods, you can easily solve many problems on your own.
This audio service guide can help you identify three common faults of speakers and the inspection sequence, thereby extending the lifespan of the equipment.
I. No sound when the power is turned on
Measuring the voltage: We need to measure the output voltage of the speaker with a multimeter. For example, if the adapter is rated at 12V, then the actual measured voltage should be between 11.4V and 12.6V to be normal. If the deviation is too large, there is a problem with the adapter.
Checking the resistance: In addition, the resistance of the speaker's power circuit can be measured. Under normal circumstances, the resistance of the power circuit is almost 0Ω. If the measured value shows infinity, there is no doubt that the circuit is broken.
Measuring the resistance of the speaker: Next, use a multimeter to measure the resistance across the two ends of the speaker. If the measured value differs greatly from the rated resistance value of the speaker (exceeding ±10%), the speaker is most likely damaged. For example, for a speaker rated at 8Ω, the measured value should be between 7.2Ω and 8.8Ω.
Audio Service Guide：Audio Service Guide: Areas to be checked
Power connection: Check whether the power cord of the speaker is firmly plugged into the power socket. After that, you can try plugging other electrical appliances into this socket to test whether the socket is supplying power normally. At the same time, remember to turn on the power switch of the speaker.
Audio connection: Check the audio cable between the speaker and the audio source to confirm whether there is any damage. In addition, you can try switching from the front panel interface of the computer to the rear panel interface to check whether it is an interface problem.
Audio source settings: Then check the volume settings of the computer. If the volume is set to mute, there will be no sound.
Speaker hardware: If there are no problems with the above checks, open the speaker's outer shell and check whether the internal wires are loose. Use a multimeter to measure the resistance of the speaker's horn. A normal speaker has a resistance value. If the measured resistance is infinity, the speaker needs to be replaced.
II. Poor sound quality of the speaker, blurred sound
Frequency response: We can use audio testing software to play pure tone signals of different frequencies, and then monitor through a spectrum analyzer.
If there are obvious attenuation or peaks at certain frequency points, exceeding the frequency response error range specified by the speaker, it means that the speaker's sound is distorted. For example, during the test, if it is found that the output of the speaker at the 1kHz frequency is 5dB lower than the rated value, it indicates that there is distortion in this frequency band.
Harmonic distortion: The harmonic distortion (THD) of professional-grade speakers should be less than 1%. We can use an audio analyzer to measure the speaker. For example, a certain speaker is rated to have a harmonic distortion of less than 1% at a frequency of 1kHz and a power of 1W, but the actual measurement result is 2%, then this speaker has a problem of sound distortion.
Audio Service Guide: Areas to be checked
Quality of the audio source:
Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) data: Generally speaking, the signal-to-noise ratio of speakers is between 70dB and 90dB, and for high-quality speakers, it is above 90dB. For example, if a speaker is rated to have a signal-to-noise ratio of 80dB, but the actual measurement result is only 70dB, it indicates that the noise of this speaker is relatively high.
Spectrum analyzer
Electromagnetic interference: The spectrum analyzer can be used to detect the electromagnetic interference frequencies in the surrounding environment. Common ones include the power frequency interference of 50Hz or 60Hz, as well as the interference frequencies of 2.4GHz and 5GHz wireless signals. For example, if a strong interference signal is detected in the 2.4GHz frequency band and there is high-frequency noise in the speaker at the same time, it is very likely that it is interfered by a nearby wireless router. You can try playing a different audio file to see if the poor quality of the current audio file causes the sound distortion.
Volume settings: Sometimes, too high a volume is likely to cause sound distortion. You can try adjusting it to an appropriate volume level, which can often improve the situation. In addition, check the gain adjustment knob of the speaker, because excessive gain may also cause signal distortion.
Speaker placement and environment: In addition, the vibration of the speaker may also cause abnormal sound. Check whether there are walls and furniture around, as their reflection of sound may cause distortion. At the same time, pay attention to whether there are microwave ovens and wireless routers around. If so, place the speaker farther away.
III. The speaker has noise or static
Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) data: The signal-to-noise ratio value of the speaker is generally between 70dB and 90dB. You can determine it through the value measured by the audio testing equipment. If the value is lower than the rated signal-to-noise ratio index of the speaker, it means that the speaker has a problem of noise or static.
Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) data
Audio Service Guide: Areas to be checked
Audio cable: First, check whether the audio cable is damaged, aged or has poor contact. You can gently shake the audio cable to see if the noise changes.
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Conclusion
Well, dear friends! If you master the above methods for troubleshooting common faults of speakers, you will be able to handle problems with speakers easily in the future!
Of course, if you still cannot solve your problem according to these methods, it is recommended that you seek the help of a professional maintenance personnel! I hope everyone can always enjoy clear and wonderful audio effects!Audio service tips: 3 common speaker faults and inspection steps
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